It’s not social constraints or access anymore — women are held back by lack of employment opportunities

Sonalde Desai

Of the four key areas that define women’s empowerment, personal efficacy, power in intra-household negotiations, societal engagement, and access to income-generating activities, we see improvements in the first three domains. In contrast, the fourth — access to employment — has stagnated.

India Human Development Survey-3 (IHDS)